77K
Object: Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp)
JPL Ref. Solution: 45
Planetary Ephemeris: DE403
No. Observations: 1444
Observation Arc: 1993 Apr 27 - 1996 Oct 28
---- Residual Summary ---- RA Dec Total
Mean .010 .011 .015
RMS, unweighted .674 .867 .776
---- Corrected Elements (J2000): Solution 45
Epoch 2450520.50000 = 1997 Mar 13.00000
Post-Fit Std.Dev.
e 0.995095916 .000001646
q 0.914101515 .000002361
Tp 2450539.6346497 .0004084 1997 Apr 1.13465
Node 282.4706903 .0000059
w 130.5909135 .0001366
i 89.4294098 .0000462
ORBITAL ELEMENTS FOR COMET HALE-BOPP (1995 O1)
The following (J2000) osculating orbital elements can be used to
generate ephemeris data using two body programs. However, care must
be taken to select an orbital element set with an epoch close to
the desired ephemeris output times.
Epoch (TDB) e q Node w i Tp
---- Elements at other epochs:
Epoch (TDB) e q Node w i Tp
1996 Oct 1.0 .9952307 .9143046 282.472419 130.575162 89.432510 1997 Apr 1.124093
1997 Jan 12.0 .9950918 .9141138 282.470878 130.589797 89.429555 1997 Apr 1.134271
1997 Mar 13.0 .9950959 .9141015 282.470690 130.590914 89.429410 1997 Apr 1.134650
1997 May 2.0 .9951088 .9141013 282.470806 130.591009 89.429283 1997 Apr 1.134718
1997 Sep 30.0 .9950814 .9140210 282.469240 130.585871 89.427986 1997 Apr 1.133652
e: Eccentricity
q: Perihelion passage distance (AU)
Node: Longitude of the ascending node (deg.)
w: Argument of perihelion (deg.)
i: Inclination (deg.)
Tp: Perihelion passage time (TDB)
Original and Future Orbital periods
By integrating the above orbit forward and backward in time until the comet
leaves the planetary system and then referring the osculating orbital elements
to the solar system barycenter, the following orbital periods result:
Original orbital period before entering planetary system = 4200 years
Future orbital period after exiting planetary system = 2379 years
Ephemeris data at 5 day steps (O hours UTC)
Ephemeris computed using JPL orbital solution No. 45 dated Nov. 8, 1996
Magnitude predictions are based upon estimates by Charles Morris.
Absolute (inertial) plane-of-sky ephemeris uncertainties (1-sigma)
over this interval are as follows:
1996 Aug. - Sep. < 1"
1997 Jan. - Feb. < 3"
1997 Mar. < 6"
1997 Apr. < 3"
Ephemeris (with perturbations) for Comet C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp)
Date (UT) R.A. J2000 Dec. Delta Deldot r Theta Beta Moon PsAng PsAMV TMag
1996 Nov 4 17 41 39.15 -03 07 13.2 3.049 -2.38 2.479 46.9 17.0 125 71.7 153.0 5.0
1996 Nov 9 17 45 02.02 -02 45 14.5 3.039 -4.35 2.418 43.4 16.4 67 68.1 153.7 4.9
1996 Nov 14 17 48 46.97 -02 20 59.5 3.024 -6.41 2.356 40.2 15.7 16 64.1 154.7 4.9
1996 Nov 19 17 52 53.15 -01 54 07.9 3.002 -8.53 2.294 37.2 15.1 72 59.5 155.7 4.8
1996 Nov 24 17 57 19.89 -01 24 18.4 2.975 -10.67 2.232 34.5 14.5 136 54.2 157.0 4.7
1996 Nov 29 18 02 06.87 -00 51 09.0 2.941 -12.83 2.170 32.1 14.0 153 48.3 158.5 4.6
1996 Dec 4 18 07 14.12 -00 14 14.8 2.900 -15.00 2.107 30.1 13.6 101 41.7 160.2 4.5
1996 Dec 9 18 12 41.82 +00 26 52.2 2.854 -17.18 2.044 28.6 13.3 42 34.4 162.1 4.4
1996 Dec 14 18 18 30.29 +01 12 43.1 2.801 -19.33 1.981 27.5 13.3 37 26.6 164.3 4.3
1996 Dec 19 18 24 40.01 +02 03 51.6 2.742 -21.44 1.918 26.9 13.4 100 18.4 166.7 4.1
1996 Dec 24 18 31 11.95 +03 00 54.6 2.677 -23.48 1.854 26.9 13.9 154 10.3 169.4 4.0
1996 Dec 29 18 38 07.78 +04 04 33.7 2.607 -25.43 1.791 27.3 14.6 133 2.5 172.4 3.9
1997 Jan 3 18 45 29.83 +05 15 37.5 2.531 -27.27 1.728 28.2 15.6 80 355.3 175.7 3.7
1997 Jan 8 18 53 21.05 +06 35 01.5 2.449 -29.00 1.664 29.4 16.9 28 348.8 179.3 3.6
1997 Jan 13 19 01 45.16 +08 03 48.8 2.363 -30.56 1.602 30.9 18.4 62 343.0 183.2 3.4
1997 Jan 18 19 10 47.06 +09 43 08.8 2.273 -31.90 1.539 32.6 20.2 120 338.2 187.4 3.2
1997 Jan 23 19 20 33.52 +11 34 18.0 2.179 -32.99 1.477 34.5 22.2 151 334.1 191.8 3.0
1997 Jan 28 19 31 13.72 +13 38 41.5 2.083 -33.77 1.416 36.4 24.4 116 330.7 196.4 2.8
1997 Feb 2 19 42 59.77 +15 57 50.2 1.985 -34.18 1.356 38.3 26.7 67 328.2 201.2 2.6
1997 Feb 7 19 56 07.67 +18 33 13.9 1.886 -34.15 1.297 40.1 29.3 35 326.4 206.2 2.4
1997 Feb 12 20 10 58.52 +21 26 05.8 1.788 -33.55 1.240 41.8 32.0 78 325.3 211.3 2.2
1997 Feb 17 20 28 00.63 +24 36 55.7 1.693 -32.26 1.186 43.3 34.8 123 325.2 216.7 1.9
1997 Feb 22 20 47 51.89 +28 04 48.7 1.602 -30.16 1.134 44.5 37.7 139 326.1 222.4 1.7
1997 Feb 27 21 11 21.26 +31 46 19.1 1.519 -27.11 1.086 45.5 40.6 112 328.3 228.6 1.5
1997 Mar 4 21 39 27.91 +35 33 52.8 1.447 -23.03 1.042 46.0 43.3 72 331.9 235.6 1.3
1997 Mar 9 22 13 13.18 +39 13 57.4 1.387 -17.88 1.003 46.2 45.7 45 337.5 243.7 1.1
1997 Mar 14 22 53 17.66 +42 26 04.1 1.344 -11.76 .970 46.0 47.6 69 345.1 253.0 .9
1997 Mar 19 23 39 19.10 +44 44 57.1 1.320 -4.96 .944 45.5 48.8 104 354.7 263.7 .8
1997 Mar 24 00 29 09.60 +45 47 56.9 1.316 2.11 .926 44.6 49.1 134 5.9 275.4 .8
1997 Mar 29 01 19 06.28 +45 25 14.6 1.332 8.92 .916 43.4 48.5 134 17.7 287.1 .8
1997 Apr 3 02 05 21.72 +43 44 59.6 1.367 15.01 .915 42.0 47.0 91 29.1 298.2 .8
1997 Apr 8 02 45 39.09 +41 08 12.0 1.418 20.06 .922 40.4 44.7 37 39.6 308.0 .9
1997 Apr 13 03 19 29.99 +37 58 32.5 1.482 23.94 .938 38.7 41.9 43 48.9 316.4 1.1
1997 Apr 18 03 47 33.79 +34 35 16.7 1.555 26.71 .962 36.8 38.7 92 57.2 323.5 1.2
1997 Apr 23 04 10 53.59 +31 11 16.6 1.635 28.50 .994 34.9 35.4 146 64.8 329.5 1.4
1997 Apr 28 04 30 31.36 +27 53 54.8 1.719 29.47 1.031 32.9 32.1 148 71.9 334.6 1.6
1997 May 3 04 47 18.89 +24 46 44.5 1.804 29.77 1.074 31.0 28.9 82 78.9 339.0 1.8
1997 May 8 05 01 56.33 +21 50 56.1 1.890 29.56 1.121 29.1 25.9 15 85.9 342.8 2.0
1997 May 13 05 14 53.66 +19 06 19.0 1.975 28.97 1.172 27.3 23.3 47 93.2 346.0 2.2
1997 May 18 05 26 33.20 +16 32 00.9 2.057 28.12 1.226 25.6 20.9 104 100.8 348.9 2.4
1997 May 23 05 37 11.70 +14 06 52.4 2.137 27.08 1.282 24.2 18.9 165 108.9 351.4 2.6
1997 May 28 05 47 01.85 +11 49 39.6 2.214 25.90 1.340 23.0 17.2 127 117.5 353.7 2.8
1997 Jun 2 05 56 13.25 +09 39 09.5 2.287 24.62 1.400 22.1 15.8 60 126.7 355.6 3.0
1997 Jun 7 06 04 52.95 +07 34 13.5 2.356 23.28 1.461 21.6 14.8 12 136.2 357.4 3.2
1997 Jun 12 06 13 06.06 +05 33 49.0 2.421 21.91 1.523 21.6 14.2 65 145.9 359.0 3.3
1997 Jun 17 06 20 56.46 +03 37 01.1 2.482 20.54 1.585 21.9 13.8 122 155.4 .4 3.5
1997 Jun 22 06 28 27.23 +01 43 01.4 2.540 19.19 1.648 22.6 13.7 161 164.6 1.7 3.6
1997 Jun 27 06 35 40.88 -00 08 52.9 2.593 17.86 1.711 23.7 13.8 100 173.1 2.9 3.7
1997 Jul 2 06 42 39.27 -01 59 20.4 2.643 16.55 1.775 25.0 14.0 39 180.9 3.9 3.9
1997 Jul 7 06 49 23.57 -03 48 55.4 2.689 15.28 1.838 26.7 14.4 34 188.0 4.9 4.0
1997 Jul 12 06 55 54.49 -05 38 07.0 2.731 14.07 1.901 28.6 14.8 85 194.4 5.8 4.1
1997 Jul 17 07 02 12.53 -07 27 19.5 2.770 12.93 1.965 30.6 15.3 139 200.2 6.6 4.2
1997 Jul 22 07 08 18.09 -09 16 53.9 2.806 11.86 2.028 32.8 15.7 136 205.4 7.4 4.3
1997 Jul 27 07 14 11.51 -11 07 08.9 2.839 10.86 2.091 35.1 16.2 75 210.2 8.1 4.4
1997 Aug 1 07 19 52.77 -12 58 22.0 2.869 9.92 2.153 37.5 16.7 32 214.6 8.8 4.5
1997 Aug 6 07 25 21.44 -14 50 47.1 2.896 9.05 2.216 39.9 17.1 56 218.7 9.4 4.6
1997 Aug 11 07 30 36.98 -16 44 34.1 2.921 8.29 2.278 42.4 17.5 104 222.5 10.0 4.7
1997 Aug 16 07 35 38.75 -18 39 49.7 2.944 7.62 2.340 45.0 17.8 144 226.1 10.6 4.8
1997 Aug 21 07 40 26.17 -20 36 38.4 2.965 7.05 2.402 47.6 18.1 110 229.6 11.1 4.9
1997 Aug 26 07 44 58.50 -22 35 04.3 2.985 6.56 2.463 50.2 18.4 58 232.9 11.6 4.9
1997 Aug 31 07 49 14.60 -24 35 09.3 3.003 6.16 2.524 52.8 18.6 43 236.2 12.1 5.0
1997 Sep 5 07 53 13.01 -26 36 50.9 3.020 5.87 2.585 55.4 18.7 76 239.5 12.6 5.1
1997 Sep 10 07 56 52.12 -28 40 02.4 3.037 5.69 2.645 58.0 18.8 118 242.7 13.1 5.1
1997 Sep 15 08 00 10.26 -30 44 33.7 3.053 5.62 2.705 60.6 18.9 130 246.0 13.6 5.2
1997 Sep 20 08 03 05.65 -32 50 12.8 3.070 5.64 2.765 63.1 18.9 88 249.3 14.0 5.3
1997 Sep 25 08 05 36.17 -34 56 46.7 3.086 5.76 2.824 65.6 18.9 54 252.7 14.5 5.3
1997 Sep 30 08 07 39.08 -37 03 57.7 3.103 5.98 2.883 68.1 18.8 61 256.2 15.0 5.4
1997 Oct 5 08 09 11.31 -39 11 22.5 3.121 6.30 2.942 70.5 18.7 93 259.8 15.5 5.5
1997 Oct 10 08 10 09.53 -41 18 32.3 3.139 6.71 3.001 72.8 18.5 121 263.6 16.0 5.5
1997 Oct 15 08 10 30.24 -43 24 54.7 3.159 7.22 3.059 75.1 18.4 110 267.6 16.5 5.6
1997 Oct 20 08 10 09.62 -45 29 55.5 3.181 7.80 3.116 77.2 18.2 75 271.8 17.0 5.6
1997 Oct 25 08 09 03.22 -47 32 57.0 3.205 8.45 3.174 79.3 17.9 62 276.2 17.5 5.7
1997 Oct 30 08 07 06.03 -49 33 14.7 3.230 9.17 3.231 81.2 17.7 78 280.9 18.0 5.8
1997 Nov 4 08 04 12.92 -51 29 57.3 3.258 9.95 3.288 83.0 17.4 103 285.9 18.5 5.8
1997 Nov 9 08 00 18.92 -53 22 08.8 3.288 10.79 3.344 84.7 17.2 111 291.2 19.0 5.9
1997 Nov 14 07 55 19.56 -55 08 50.7 3.320 11.65 3.401 86.2 16.9 92 296.8 19.4 6.0
1997 Nov 19 07 49 10.90 -56 49 03.9 3.355 12.54 3.456 87.5 16.6 74 302.8 19.7 6.0
1997 Nov 24 07 41 49.90 -58 21 45.8 3.392 13.45 3.512 88.7 16.3 77 309.2 19.9 6.1
1997 Nov 29 07 33 15.46 -59 45 50.8 3.433 14.36 3.567 89.8 16.1 92 316.0 19.9 6.1
1997 Dec 4 07 23 29.60 -61 00 14.5 3.475 15.27 3.622 90.6 15.8 102 323.1 19.6 6.2
1997 Dec 9 07 12 38.23 -62 03 59.8 3.521 16.17 3.677 91.3 15.5 96 330.5 19.0 6.3
1997 Dec 14 07 00 51.40 -62 56 23.0 3.569 17.03 3.732 91.8 15.3 83 338.2 18.0 6.3
1997 Dec 19 06 48 22.85 -63 36 55.1 3.619 17.87 3.786 92.2 15.1 83 346.1 16.5 6.4
1997 Dec 24 06 35 29.70 -64 05 22.8 3.672 18.66 3.840 92.3 14.8 91 354.1 14.7 6.5
1997 Dec 29 06 22 31.64 -64 21 52.3 3.727 19.41 3.894 92.4 14.6 97 2.2 12.6 6.5
1998 Jan 3 06 09 49.14 -64 26 51.7 3.784 20.11 3.947 92.3 14.4 92 10.2 10.3 6.6
1998 Jan 8 05 57 41.32 -64 21 11.0 3.843 20.75 4.000 92.0 14.2 83 18.1 8.0 6.7
1998 Jan 13 05 46 23.77 -64 05 56.7 3.904 21.32 4.053 91.7 14.0 85 25.7 5.9 6.7
1998 Jan 18 05 36 07.81 -63 42 22.7 3.966 21.83 4.106 91.2 13.9 94 33.2 4.1 6.8
R.A. J2000 Dec. = Geocentric astrometric right ascension and declination
referred to the mean equator and equinox of J2000.
Light time corrections have been applied
Delta = Geocentric distance of object in AU
Deldot = Geocentric radial velocity of object in km/s
r = Heliocentric distance of object in AU
Theta = Sun-Earth-Object angle in degrees
Beta = Sun-Object-Earth angle in degrees
Moon = Moon-Earth-Object angle in degrees
PsAng = Position angle of extended radius vector in degrees
This will be the approximate position angle of an ion tail
PsAMV = Position angle of minus velocity vector in degrees.
A dust tail will have an approximate position angle
located between the position angles defined by PsAng and PsAMV.
TMag = Total magnitude
= 0.4 + 5.00*log(Delta) + 5.6*log(r)
Comet Hale-Bopp Home Page